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Atrial Fibrillation
Medical Questions » Atrial Fibrillation
| Name: Atrial Fibrillation |
| Also known as: |
| The heart has two small chambers (atria) which receive blood from the lungs and body through large veins, and two large chambers (ventricles) which pump blood out through arteries to the lungs and body. Atrial fibrillation occurs if the atria beat in a rapid uncoordinated manner, and as a result the ventricles (main pumping chambers of the heart) will receive only an intermittent blood supply from the atria, and will beat in a very irregular rhythm. If the atria beat rapidly, but not fast enough to cause irregular contractions by the ventricles, the condition is atrial flutter. |
Causes of Atrial Fibrillation
May occur in normal people at times of stress, but more commonly as a reaction to heart damage such as a heart attack or infection. Other causes include an overactive thyroid gland, heart valve damage, severe high blood
pressure, lung damage that restricts blood flow (eg. emphysema), or because of imbalances in body chemistry. |
Symptoms of Atrial Fibrillation
Very irregular pulse, tiredness due to low blood pressure, palpitations and sometimes chest pains, shortness of breath and fainting. |
Tests for Atrial Fibrillation
Diagnosed by an electrocardiograph (ECG). |
Treatment for Atrial Fibrillation
Numerous medications available to control heart rhythm. If uncontrolled, an anticoagulant (eg. warfarin) should be used to prevent an embolism.
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Complications of Atrial Fibrillation of its treatment
An embolism (blood clot) that may cause a stroke or death if it travels through arteries to the brain. Increased risk of heart failure and heart attack. |
Likely Outcome of Atrial Fibrillation
Most cases can be controlled by medication, but if persistent there is a small mortality rate due to complications. |
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